It lessens the needed study for card counters. James Fernando. Understanding bet spreads and knowing what are the exact amounts to bet can really increa. The basic strategy differences are also (obviously) index differences. 144 subscribers Subscribe 536 33K views 5 years ago ( Corrected video here: • "The Illustrious 18" Blackjack Strate. The SD will depend greatly on your playing style so the formula above is just a general estimation. Playing online blackjack for free also helps you to develop your strategy without risking your own cash. Instant Play Online. 39K subscribers in the blackjack community. 16 v 10 and 12 v 4 for example use a 0 TC (or any positive/negative counts respectively) On the chart the 12 v 4 does say 0 so I get that now, but it says decision: hit/stand. a Dealer 2 is a +1, regardless of # of decks. With hitting 16, put it this way, if you were to stand, you would lose 546,000 out of 1,000,000 hands. Illustrious 18. 2s. Provides Blackjack Strategy tables for various game variations. Lets say we have a blackjack game where if played with perfect basic strategy the house edge would be 0,00 - My question would be how much is Illustrious 18 really worth ? (Yes I know it greatly depends on the number of decks and penetration, and I also know that the most important of it is Insurance bet - about 30% of entire Illustrious. Illustrious 18 Blackjack Deviations. Blackjack Deviations. The sim plays hi-lo, with the illustrious 18. Six full decks are in play and the cards are automatically returned to the virtual shoe for a reshuffle after each hand is played. Carter's 12 Month Size Chart. Following years of litigation, a U. According to wiz of oz, the house edge for this game is about 0. 11 v A is a double at +1 in S17 but a hit at -1. All the numbers in the following tables are based on the betting units required. Dealer must stand on 17. In blackjack, the “illustrious 18” refers to the combination of cards that gives the player the best chance of winning. DonS's Illustrious 18 and Fabulous 4 are a prime example for many in the blackjack AP world. I count using the hi lo. org] [ 21 Snyder Radical Blackjack 295 ] [ PODCASTS: Apr 13, 2012, Feb 13, 2015]Boku allows players to make deposits through their mobile phones. Example: Deviation number 1 says to take insurance when the dealer has an ace upcard at a “count of +3 for multi-deck games”. The total hands played are 10 hours times 70 hands. So, if the player plays six-deck blackjack, this means there are 12 half-decks. Of course, this rule might vary, depending on which progressive blackjack variant you opt for. A lot of the decisions for doubling (Lesson 15) and splits (Lesson 16) are lower than +4. The blue line displays the advantages using no indexes — playing Blackjack Basic Strategy. 10-12-2013, 10:23 AM #4. 3%. OP = optimally played. You will have to r e g i s t e r (free) before you can post: click the r e g i s t e r link to proceed. 18. True count. 0 coins. I assume it’s referring to the true count, but then I overthought it and questioned myself and now I’m not sure lmao. Shoe Composition: 1 deck 2 decks 3 decks 4 decks 5 decks 6 decks 7 decks 8 decks. The reason why this system has become so successful lies in its simplicity. com phone 702-499-3280 website. Pragmatic Play Live has expanded its live dealer streaming library with several new tables across the games of Baccarat, Speed Baccarat, and Blackjack range and has added a new Ruby studio as well. Now, why do these at all?This calculator will show you the best return for a blackjack hand. I already learned the the Basic Omega strategy but in the book Blackjack For Blood Bryce Carlson says to use the AO2 for multi-deck. 2 terms. Slot Apps for Real Money. Blackjack hall of fame and gaming mathematician Donald Schlesinger affectionately called a set of efficient strategic deviations The Illustrious 18, and the name stuck. In case both have a hand of 21, the. Gameplay Once started, the game presents the player hand and the dealer upcard. com 5 Double Deck Memo • The Effect of Card Removal is far more dramatic in Double Deck Blackjack games versus Six Deck Games. Dec 29, 2016 #3. Kasi Well-Known Member. The casino has an inherent increased advantage as more decks are used. S. com. What is important to note is that seasoned and truly successful card counters never consider giving up as an option! As musicians often. With just those two rules, you have this modified Basic Strategy chart shown below. All times are GMT -7. « The Illustrious 18 Multi-deck Card Counting ». K. I believe all of the Illustrious 18 are +4 or lower except for two (I forget which ones for HiLo). I also compared the illustrious 18 with the index's in Wong's "Professional Blackjack" Table A4. Wild Buffalo Bonanza is one of three titles released by various developers in April 2023 with an overall theme, individual iconography, and backdrops developed by large language model artificial intelligence in concert with human artists. The Illustrious 18 is a set of card counting indices that seek to combine the most powerful and effective counting strategies into a single resource. General Blackjack Forum; Beyond Illustrious 18/Fab 4; If this is your first visit to the Blackjack Forum, be sure to check out the FAQ by clicking the link above. Papers #25-63. These applications enhance the playing experience on the smartphone even further. He created the Illustrious 18, a set of 18 expert plays that can be used to lower the house edge even farther. In other casino games, bonus features can include interactive storyline videos and "Easter eggs" in the form of mini side-games. Message: Real Money vs. The goal of the player is to defeat the dealer and get a better hand without “busting”. The game of Blackjack is played with one to eight decks consistent of 52 cards. A-8) deviations vs. How Don Schlesinger Expanded on Blackjack Concepts. Forums. For example, 16v10 is 0 and 15v10 is +4 -- does this mean that I should stand with a 16v10 or a 15v10 with TC's greater than 0 and +4, respectively? And 10v10 at +4, is. Member List; Forum Actions. I see this term come up alot. Blackjack. In the good old days when single deck was plentiful and rules were great, these non-counting strategies could actually give the. The advice given is mathematically sound, targeted to the beginning level counter. I know most of the basics plays of the game and started trying to remember the table around 1-2weeks ago. If you have problems with gambling addiction, PLEASE contact here - Ncpgambling. Learn how to beat the house with card counting from the pros who've won millions. Dealer Hits Soft 17. This table is for 4 Decks, S17, DAS. Thorp, on page 94 of the 1966 revised edition of Beat the Dealer, opines that the two strategies are of “comparable power. I am using the hi lo count and illustrious 18 indexes. Please only respond if you are positive about your answers, otherwise state how sure you are. Illustrious 18 Deviation chart inconsistent with BS? So I think I got basic strategy down 100%, I can keep the count well and am starting to study Deviations. Sakura Dreams. 4) Illustrious 18 & Fab 4 5) Playing Conditions 6) Bankroll & Bet Spread 7) READ A BOOK 8) Understanding It’s a Marathon, Not a Sprint. Illustrious 18 blackjack deviations Illustrious 18 blackjack deviations Better yet, Bovada lets you use the NEWWELCOME promo code up to three times, so you can claim as much as $3,000. The comment about illustrious 18 was literally just. For a bet spread of 1-8 units, the player should bet 1 unit at a true count of +1, 2 units at +2, 4 units at +3 and 8 units at +4 or higher. You are taking my admission of making a mistake during play and then asking others what kind of memorization techniques they use in another thread and construing it to a misplaced belief that I don't know or understand basic strategy. FIRSTLY, a correction. Blackjack strategy charts usually follow an XY graph format. play perfect basic strategy plus illustrious 18 + fab 4 playerStrategy. As such, K-O does NOT require true count conversions (the painful and error-prone arithmetic. However, when the true count is above 3, it is statistically better to stand a 12 against a 2. New posts Search forums. And finally, the choice of table should also always be based on how much a blackjack is paid at. Click the card to flip 👆. 40%. comments sorted by Best Top New Controversial Q&A Add a Comment. Cancion De Lady Gaga Poker Face Letra, Casino Student Night, Foto Van Roulette, Keybet Roulette, Illustrious 18 Blackjack, Aplikasi Apk Blackjack, Navy Chief Poker Chips stockmarketafterhours 4. Don Schlesinger, like most other members of the Blackjack Hall of Fame, is a giant in the field. 15% which is the lowest possible edge a casino can have. The 18 plays described equal about 80% of the gain that could be had from playing the full set of indexes. You are taking my admission of making a mistake during play and then asking others what kind of memorization techniques they use in another thread and construing it to a misplaced belief that I don't know or understand basic strategy. These variations have proven to be very efficient and accurate. Regarding the illustrious 18, I'm curious: So it is stated that if the count is +5 then you should split 10s againt a 5. Section A. And I might add that in addition to the history below, L. I cannot, however, verify that the indices listed for single and double deck are correct. You will have to r e g i s t e r (free) before you can post: click the r e g i s t e r link to proceed. Gameplay Once started, the game presents the player hand and the dealer upcard. Our Planet 7 Casino review shows that they shower new players with promotions, almost to the point of being overwhelmed. The game cycles through 17 of the 18 indices (insurance at +3 is not quizzed). Counting the cards remains the most suitable strategy for detecting the missing ten cards due to the fact that the dealer. For example, normally you will hit a 12 against a 2. Blackjack is a probability-based game that can be beaten, if a player is determined to spend a lot of time in building skill and discipline. * Surrender: Player can surrender initial hand All tables show the Illustrious 18 and Fab Four indexes / deviations for the Hi- Lo Card Counting system. The Fab Four is an easy add-on to your current skills, but The Illustrious 18 takes a while to learn. So the value of these index plays starts to decline fairly rapidly after the first 3 and. "The Illustrious 18" Blackjack Strategy Deviations Jack Dell 145 subscribers Share 8K views 4 years ago A short video about when to deviate from Blackjack basic. Blackjack Indices Illustrious 18 : Locate a meeting near you. In every blackjack game, the dealer either stands on Soft 17 or higher, or hits Soft 17, which means they can only stand on Hard 17, plus any 18 or more. Red is the additional gain with the Illustrious 18 & Fab 4. In “Blackjack Attack, Playing the Pro’s Way, 2 nd edition” (BA), author Donald Schlesinger presents the “World’s Greatest Blackjack Simulation. Without capping the fee, the board set up a potential bidding war for one or more of the licenses. However, for the negative plays, I like to remember the basic strategy play as the general rule, and then apply the exception when the index gets below the trigger point. It sometimes gets overlooked, but we're always sure to test which deposit methods are available, any fees, and how easy it is to make a deposit. #1. Just out of curiosity, I plugged each of the 18 individual deviations into the CVCX 'Index Chart Viewer' on the website card-counting. . The fun continues in the table games section where card games like blackjack; Video poker also finds its way into the small game library giving players just about every possible game;. Mimosine. The top play variations for blackjack card counters are knowing when to take insurance and stand on 16 versus a dealer’s 10. While 3:2 is a very common payoff, 2:1 is a rare find these days. What's new. Most of the pages are filled with stories and advice based on the author’s own experience. Whether you’re looking to win big or just have some fun, Elements Casino Victoria offers exciting choices for all! Play the latest of our 770 Slots from $0. In particular, one casino has a £2-£20 shoe-dealt game on friday and saturday nights and smallest regular. r/blackjack A chip A close button. Playing single-deck Blackjack can be very profitable only on the condition that they know what it takes to win. Hi people, I'm new here and pretty much an amateur at counting. The High-Low was first introduced in 1963 by Harvey Dubner. I also compared the illustrious 18 with the index's in Wong's "Professional Blackjack" Table A4. mattc_m • Additional comment actions. A short video about when to deviate from Blackjack basic strategy when utilizing a Hi Lo countLearn basic strategy, how to count, and if there are games with. Award winning casino practice software tools for beatable games: Blackjack card counting & shuffle tracking. As per the rules of the KO system, players need to assign the value of +1, 0, or -1 to each card that is dealt at the blackjack table. All the information about blackjack you want, both for serious advantage players and for casual players. I'm posting to check this is correct since I've seen a few variances and conflicting information. Space Girls. Mark Forums ReadRemember Me? AP News; Forum; Real-Time; Top Posts; FAQ; Community. Wyoming, the American state that is widely known as the “Equality State”, has registered new records in the month of October 2023 when it comes to its regulated online sports betting market. THE ILLUSTRIOUS 18 WITH SURRENDER Blackjack Deviations 18 Vs. Specific Features. © Blackjack Apprenticeship 2018 • S17 DEVIATION CHART Red Numbers indicate the index that the true count must meet to deviation. Other sets by this creator. Most of the chapters are reprints of articles written for blackjack forum in the 80's and 90's. Texan native Alice Walker got into blackjack around the age of 13. To start viewing messages, select the forum that you want to visit from the. Moreover, they are the most. You can try it out online and just use a cheat sheet. I'm working on committing the Illustrious 18 to memory and I'm wondering what basic strategy it's based on. dealer's 4-6 up cards. 2 million dollars in October using licensed online bookmakers, an amount which is an all. A more accurate answer would require a computer simulation. If you are already good with Hi-Lo counting, you can give these systems a try. The biggest difference is probably soft 18 vs A, which is a stay at +1 in S17 and an always hit in H17. Updated on. Play the best real money slots in minutes at any of the shortlisted casinos on this page. Illustrious 18 vs different strategies? Does the Illustrious 18 indexes still apply when I’m counting using Hi-Lo vs Revere Point Count? Or is there a separate deviation based on the strategy I am using?List of Blackjack deviations Hi-Lo Does anyone have a link to a source for the complete list (beyond the illustrious 18 and the Fab 4). The following table can be used as a tool to memorize the results from each calculation. American Roulette. "Does the illustrious 18 rely on true count, running count or both? I know to take insurance on a true 3 or higher, but do the others rely on running count?. 40% of the value, while spreading your bet provides the other 60% approx. bigplayer. A casino’s special games can help round out the catalog and I know some players prefer games like keno, bingo, scratch cards, and. The Fab Four is an easy add-on to your current skills, but The Illustrious 18 takes a while to learn. History. These variations, which could add even more in a single-deck or a double-deck game, are famous for being the Illustrious 18. Includes more than 300 charts, with. It is so VERY minor in difference it hardly matters. Collectively, generations of card counters must have left tens of millions on casinos' blackjack tables. So, I've been incorporating the 'Illustrious 18' deviations into my gameplay. N). Find out what happened to the dinosaurs in this game. This is a very difficult system to remember, but is easier online with a cheat sheet. Hourly Expectation HiLo with the Illustrious 18 4-1 betting spread 6 deck 83% pen Hit on soft 17 Double after split and split after split 3:2 blackjack. 2. Don published the first explanation showing the value of each of the index plays. I'm just really curious as to the table reactions toward whoever has done this. Thread starter xxrenegadexx; Start date Jun 27, 2007; Prev. These variations have proven to be very efficient and accurate in assisting blackjack players to make the right decision when counting cards. Zhongqi_Jin. Unlike a 4- or 6-deck game, the running count, which is converted to the True Count (count per remaining deck) in. I first generated them for Hi-Lo, but, of course, they can be created for any card-counting system. Just out of curiosity, I plugged each of the 18 individual deviations into the CVCX 'Index Chart Viewer' on the website card-counting. Ahhhhhh, the Illustrious 18. Active Member. Same result, just a matter of how you train your brain. Bukunya “Blackjack Attack – Playing the Pros Way” dianggap sebagai salah satu studi blackjack. The casino has an estimated edge of 0. In simple terms, the Illustrious 18 is the name of the eighteen variations of basic blackjack strategy. ” There is a fantastic article written by Louden Often on blackjack apprenticeship’s website. The reason why single deck basic strategy is so different is because of wild variations in the true count based on the initial starting cards. 36K subscribers in the blackjack community. Pick ‘Em Blackjack. Next, you should count the dealer's upcard and every one of the hit cards while they are dealt to you and the others. Correcting the Public Record: True History of the Illustrious 18 Most players do not have access to the journals where the important blackjack discoveries were. Blackjack is NOT the only casino game you can gain an advantage in. The rest of the breakdown is mine. I decided to make my own numbers for the missing deviations. I keep double and split bets), blackjack pays 3:2, insurance 2:1. . These are the 18 most advantageous deviations from basic strategy, based on the Hi-Lo count. BJTF is an advantage player site based on the principles of comity. The Illustrious 18 and Fab 4 are actually indices used in card counting, not specifically variations of the game you will find in a casino. Remember Me? AP News; Forum; Real-Time; Top Posts; FAQ; Community. Evaluating Eight-deck Games. The Illustrious 18; Money Management for Card Counters; Risk of Ruin and. Basic strategy also does not cover composition dependency; it averages the likelihood of all possible player hand compositions. Enjoy all the popular free blackjack games right here, with no sign up and no download needed. com. C. Bet spread is the most important thing in playing multiple deck (2D and 6D) Blackjack. When I simulated a player with a 1-8 bet spread using a betting unit of $100, they. With the Uston APC card counting system, it is a good idea to divide the running count by the half-decks remaining in play. Choosing an Online Casino. In looking at the Illustrious 18 chart, Player 9 vs. For a four-deck game with a bet spread of 1-8 units, the SD is 3. If someone among the players happens to have a blackjack or reveals his/her cards for a split or a double, you should count. The Illustrious 18 HOME Blackjack Guide The Illustrious 18 The effect of using variations to the strategy is dependent on the card counting system employed, the depth of penetration and the number of decks in play. With an excess of ten-value cards and aces, the player stands better chances of pulling another 10 or an ace to make two solid hands with totals of 20 or 21. As a player, you can do virtually whatever you like with your hand, but the dealer must act according to a simple rule. Halo 88 Slot, Bet Cave Casino 444 Free No Deposit Bonus, Illustrious 18 Blackjack Attack, L 2 Stamping Slot. Welcome to a full guide of blackjack bet spreads for card counting. This table is for 4 Decks, S17, DAS. Illustrious 18. com] [ gamblingsites. It's. 3%. In Beyond Counting, Exhibit CAA, James Grosjean refers to the Illustrious 18 as the 'Hobbyist's 18. The book you need is Blackjack Attack 3 Don S. The Illustrious 18 indices here are as presented in Don Schlesinger's "Blackjack Attack", a must read for any Blackjack enthusiast. Our 70+ videos, and resources, teach you concepts like. With the same sense of anticipation as a physical Roulette table, American Roulette is the perfect fit for fans of the red, black, and green wheel. Illustrious 18. com. No other resources on the internet verified the indices. Member List; Forum Actions. Index generating software is the best to find what you want. General Blackjack Forum; Illustrious 18 question; If this is your first visit to the Blackjack Forum, be sure to check out the FAQ by clicking the link above. 9%, based on one deck. +1. I have a question about what to do when surrender is allowed and you are using the Illustrious 18 indicies for the high-low counting system. Select the rules and cards, then click the Calculate button. One card on each split ace. I want to find out how 3 hands impact my gameplan. Immerse yourself in a movie-themed video slot, take a spin through the Animal Kingdom, head out on an ancient adventure, ride the reels for some Irish luck, or kick it back old school with a classic fruit machine. 5 and 6) omitted. In Schlesinger’s case, this led to the creation of the Illustrious 18. Career Management. and what are they? Colin answers all. Since then, she has released three more albums and has. The Knock-Out System is a Level-1 unbalanced point count. Note that as we have blackjack surrender option available, some of those indexes have superseded the I -18 index. Ugh this again. The Illustrious 18 was a concept created by Don Schlesinger as a way to capture most of the value of all index plays by focusing on the top 18 most valuable. Let us bring the thrills of Atlantic City to your doorstep with a large array of Blackjack, Roulette, Slots, Video Poker, Table Games, and Big Jackpot slots. BJTF is an advantage player site based on the principles of comity. Menu. Blackjack strategy charts usually follow an XY graph format. In “Blackjack Attack, Playing the Pro’s Way, 2 nd edition” (BA), author Donald Schlesinger presents the “World’s Greatest Blackjack Simulation. See Illustrious 18. ) ( Corrected video here: )A short video covering strategy deviations for advantage play in Blackjack. The ace is considered the most important card, as it gives the player the option to either hit or stand. Play Slots, Blackjack, Bingo, Poker, Solitaire, Roulette and much more. ILLUSTRIOUS 18 AND FAB 4 Insurance Take Insurance if the true count is +3 or higher Hitting/Standing 16 vs 10 – Stand with zero or any positive. Here are the most popular bonus rewards to land in free slot games online. 4/52 > 1/3, so insurance is profitable. I also compared the illustrious 18 with the index's in Wong's. The major aim in the construction of these tools is the accurate simulation of play in a casino. I noticed that the book doesn't provide numbers for all of the Illustrious 18 deviations. I also compared the illustrious 18 with the index's in Wong's "Professional Blackjack" Table A4. . SD for 5 hours = 1. XXIV, #1, Winter 2004/2005) Most players do not have access to the. Depending on the house rules, this hand is usually awarded 3:2 on the player’s. You need permission to republish them. For example 5,3 v 6 represents a true count of +3 and hence a basic strategy double. Details Directions. Exploiting Dealer Tells in Blackjack. from the full set of indices. The BIG 3, insurance, 16 vs 10 and 15 vs 10, account for nearly 60%. 10,10 v 6 = +4. Illustrious 18 question If this is your first visit to the Blackjack Forum , be sure to check out the FAQ by clicking the link above. A single split is allowed per hand, while you can’t double down after a split. Soft 18 (A,7) doubles against dealer 2 through 6, and hits against 9 through Ace, otherwise stand. I'm not critizing the play, I'm sure it's the right thing to do, but to whoever has done this. Simple and dependable, these offer the added benefit of increase winrate followed by decrease variance. The Sweet 16, as you may know, are a subset of the Illustrious 18, with the two plays for splittings tens (vs. 30% of what you gain from ill 18 is insurance at +3, so remember that at least. When you make a wager at Caesars Casino Online, you can also become a member of. Dec 29, 2016 #3. this is the very reason why rounded indices work SO well with very little loss compared to precise indices. Rollover: 87X Payout ONLY by Bitcoin. — Don Schlesinger, Creator of Illustrious 18, Author of Blackjack Attack: Playing the Pros’ Way “Best for the aspiring card-counter” — Anthony Curtis, Publisher of Las Vegas Advisor . Again, I’m assuming that means the true count, but I want to be 1,000% sure before I start. Illustrious 18 blackjack deviations. Casino coupon code: CB2PAMPER49. I am a newcomer to the card counting world and while I understand the plays and the theory behind deviations from BS, I do not understand what deviation to make. The virtual dealer is required to draw to 16 and stand on all totals of 17. Donald Schlesinger is a gaming mathematician, author, lecturer, player, and member of the Blackjack Hall of Fame who specializes in the casino game of blackjack. NEWSPAPER ARCHIVES: Vancouver Daily Province Archives 1894 - 2021. His work in the field has spanned almost five decades. Just out of curiosity, I plugged each of the 18 individual deviations into the CVCX 'Index Chart Viewer' on the website card-counting. One thing I'd like to mention is, as far as I know, no casinos in US let you hit or double after drawing the first card on a split A (10:24 example the simulation doubled after drawing a card to the A). Online Gambling In Hong Kong, Aplikasi Apk Blackjack, Foto Van Roulette, Illustrious 18 Blackjack. BlackjackGuy123. Say you will play for 10 hours, 70 hands per hour, with an average bet of $100 and the house advantage is 0. History. . If your goal is to triple or quadruple your bankroll the RISK is way way higher !4) Basic strategy does not cover multi-card situations. No re-splitting. The major aim in the construction of these tools is the accurate simulation of play in a casino. A more accurate answer would require a computer simulation. . The thought is after you learn how to play using the strategy, you can turn off the hints and see on the. Advantage at TC’s below -14. I hope the book brings as much joy to others. If someone among the players happens to have a blackjack or reveals his/her cards for a split or a double, you should count. I'm a newbie to card counting and am wondering if someone can explain the disparity between standing on 16 v. While not widely known in the blackjack community, Schlesinger is one of those professional blackjack players that. Casino Slots. You will have to r e g i s t e r (free) before you can post: click the r e g i s t e r link to proceed. and what are they? Colin answers all. The table below shows you all of those moves. I've now got my copy of CVBJ and I was working on some of the flashcard drills. So your 52-card deck which typically has 20 low cards, 12 neutral cards, 16 tens, and 4 aces, now has 17 low cards, 12 neutral cards, 18. In this case, surrender is the play because the Fab 4. 60 (or 18. Second, a pair of 2s or 3s make for a terrible starting hand. The hand consists of two cards. CoopOwnz Member. The Illustrious 18. British Columbia Marriages 1800-1946at MyHeritage. Continue reading What. Dalam rentang karir hampir lima dekade, Schlesinger mengabdikan waktunya untuk berspesialisasi dalam teori dan sistem blackjack. View Profile View Forum Posts Private Message View Blog Entries. The appendix makes intuitive sense of various index plays, i. These are the 18 most advantageous deviations from basic strategy, based on the Hi-Lo count. The 18 plays described equal. He took a different approach than some of his. grixs. Let us bring the thrills of Atlantic City to your doorstep with a large array of Blackjack, Roulette, Slots, Video Poker, Table Games, and Big Jackpot slots. 12 v 5 = -19. Members. Stand on 14, 15, and 16 vs dealer 2. Schlesinger’s mathematical background gives him the expertise needed to craft his blackjack methods.